Statement from National Alliance of People’s Movements

The Real Battle is between Farmers and Land Grabbing Corporates and BJP, not between Bharat and Pakistan!

Protest Against Land Ordinance, February 2015 Delhi

Image courtesy Joe Athialy

Forcible land acquisition has always been an issue of life and death for millions of people in India, not only farmers but also agricultural laborers and fish workers. With the Land Ordinance it has become a political hot potato. More than 350 people’s organizations gathered at Parliament Street on February 24^th, with 25,000 people from Gujarat to Orissa to Assam, and from Himachal Pradesh to Tamil Nadu and Kerala. This show of strength has forced the political parties to take a stand on the issue, leading to heated debates and discussion on the floor of the Parliament. The Ordinance, now Bill, reflects the anti-farmer and anti-poor move of un-democratically amending the 2013 Act on Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation, killing its very spirit and purpose.

The Ordinance brought in by the NDA government just after the Winter session of the Parliament came to an end was an obvious imposition on the country’s common people, of the colonial legacy of a perverted vision of development through an unjust and undemocratic modus operandi. The Ordinance is an attempt to open up the land that is the life support, source of livelihood and shelter for India’s toiling masses, to wealthy investors, including big corporations and builders. Its intention is to forcibly divert India’s agricultural land at the cost of food security, giving a free hand with no ceiling to the private companies as well as private entities i.e. private trusts and expensive profit-making educational and health institutions. The intention is to benefit private interests in the name of public interest.

Protest Against Land Ordinance, February 2015 Delhi

Image courtesy Joe Athialy

The 2013 Act which replaced the British Act on Land Acquisition, for the first time brought in the process of assessing Social Impact (SIA) along with environmental assessment (EIA) in consultation with the affected people and the Gram Sabhas as well as appropriate urban units. This precondition is essential for the proper planning of rehabilitation including identifying and listing of the affected population, the impact on their livelihood and culture, and for making an appropriate plan to compensate those who are made to sacrifice in the name of development, and to do them justice Assessing options and seeking suggestions for alternatives to minimize impact and displacement would go a long way. The consent of land losers was also an important clause at least for private and PPP projects (the 2013 Act too had left out government projects, unjustifiably) to respect and give our farmers due role, space and primacy in development planning as against ‘no level playing field’ situation between the monetary capitalists (the corporates) and the natural resource investors (farmers and others).

BJP’s Half Truths and Propaganda

The BJP leaders are now making false interpretations and unjustifiable arguments implying that the people’s movements and pro-people politicians and parties are anti-national, as indicated by the press conference held by Nitin Gadkari and the statement by Arun Jaitley, the Finance Minister in parliament, both of them the architects of the Ordinance and now the Bill. Without entering into dialogue with the agitating farmers’ organizations except members of their own ‘Parivar’, they are deliberately confusing issues and presenting the struggle as a war between Bharat and Pakistan, drawing a false picture of threat to India’s security. Jaitley said:

Signatures of 70% of the villagers (whose land is being acquired) would be needed as their consent, as also the social impact assessment of installing the project. So, the information will be revealed and it will also reach Pakistan. It (UPA’s land law) was a defective piece of legislation and threat to India’s security. We corrected it. It had a disastrous impact on security…Our strategic installations had been held up. 

This statement an indicator of the frustration and fury among the ruling party led by the Prime Minister that wishes to save the Bill by misleading the people. How can seeking consent of the people concerned, whose lands will be taken for a project, be a threat to the national security but no threat to national security is posed by private corporations’ involvement in building strategic projects? The government is after all, allowing PPP and FDI in Defence as well. Does the FM’s statement make any sense ?

The people’s movements, instrumental in getting the former UPA government to abolish the British Act of 1894 and to bring in the 2013 Act, strongly condemn this fake, communal appeal to disrespect the farmers and deny them the right to be partners in development. SIA and consent will not stop the projects but rather resolve the conflicts due to imposition of projects without rehabilitation.

The private and PPP projects have been grabbing land through forcible acquisition standing on the shoulders of the State. The SEZ of Ambani was to get 35000 hectares in Maharashtra, and DMIC is targeting 3,90,000 hectares. While the thousands of hectares of Sardar Sarovar command area land in Gujarat are already diverted to companies, along with waters; and for Industrial Corridors for mining, tourism, water and power projects; now companies are to be granted land that can be forcibly acquired from farmers. Even the colonial 1894 British Act did not permit acquired land to be used for this, and no other country in the world has any such legal and legitimate way to forcibly transfer the farmers’, fishworkers’, and common peoples’ resources to profit making corporations.

Protest Against Land Ordinance, February 2015 Delhi

Image courtesy Joe Athialy

Mr. Gadkari is claiming the credit for including 13 Acts under the purview of the 2013 Act but this is being done after killing the spirit and main provisions in the Act.

Mr. Gadkari and BJP spokespersons have also resorted to a farcical justification for the Ordinance, referring to 31.12.2014 as the deadline, for including the Acts.

The fact is that Section 105 allowed 1 year to bring in these 13 Acts so as to allow amendments in those, and make land acquisition procedures and provisions therein, consistent with the new Act. Section 105 also elaborates the procedure of placing any amendment, notification before the parliament for 30 days, seeking approval. Instead of doing  this, the BJP government waited till the last day to include the Acts, only after excluding the main pro-people provisions.

The farmers in dam areas like Tata’s, Gosikhurd, Waang Marathwadi, Narmada or in industrial areas in Nandigram, POSCO or hill city project like Lavasa have experienced that the wasteland and previously acquired but unused land is ignored by the government and more land, even irrigated, multiple crop land is forcibly acquired for non-agricultural purposes. There is not less than 100,000 hectares of MIDC land, acquired for industries but left un-utilized. Of the land acquired for Varasgaon Dam, 141 hectares were leased out for bungalows once Lavasa City came up, engulfing the dam itself!

The 2013 Act for the first time, brought in a restraint by suggesting a certain percentage to be decided by the state as a limit for acquiring multiple crop land in a district and a state. The movements believed no agricultural land should be acquired as today’s single crop land becomes multiple crop land tomorrow. But BJP doesn’t wish to put any limit to grabbing and destroying even prime agricultural land by changing the 2013 provisions.

The Penalty Clause (Section 87) in the 2013 Act is also changed The original stringent provision about punishment for violation of this Act by any government official has been reversed. Earlier the Head of the Department was held responsible if the violation took place with their knowledge and connivance. The
Amendment removes this provision and actually provides special immunity to the government officials under Section 197 of CCP.  The common persons cannot file a case (FIR) against the violators without a sanction, according to the new the Bill, 2015.

All this proves that the strong opposition to the Ordinance and the Bill of 2015 by many opposition parties and some of the NDA partners like Shiv Sena and LJD, is fully justifiable. We appreciate their taking a position in favor of the farming community in the country at this crucial juncture. Considerations of food security and the demand for rehabilitation including guaranteeing alternative livelihood (missing in the 2013 Act itself), has now led all those who support our food growers and toiling masses including small traders and artisans, to challenge the anti-people legislation, the land Acquisition Bill of 2015 which will lead to more suicides and make millions of farmers into landless laborers.

We instead demand further pro-people amendments as recommended by the two Parliamentary Standing Committees in the 2013 Act to save farmers’ lives and livelihoods of millions.

श्री अरुण जेटली ने कल राज्य सभा ने भूमि अधिग्रहण संशोधन बिल, २०१५ के बचाव में जो अपना वक्तव्य दिया है वह सिर्फ गरीबों के पीछे छुपने वाली बात है।  मंत्री महोदय ने बार बार यही कहा की उन्होंने प्रधानमंत्री ग्रामीण सड़क योजना, सिंचाई और गरीबों के लिए घर बंनाने के लिए संशोधन प्रस्तुत किये। उन्होंने यह भी कहा की देश की सुरक्षा के लिए सरकार किसानो की सहमति और सोशल इम्पैक्ट असेसमेंट नहीं करा सकती और इसलिए सुरक्षा और डिफेन्स से जुडी परियोजनाओं को इसमें से बाहर किया गया है।  हम कुछ बातें आपके सामने इस बाबत रखना चाहते हैं।

१. २०१३ के कानून में १३ केंद्रीय क़ानून, भूमि अधिग्रहण से जुड़े हुए, को अलग रखा गया था, लेकिन धरा १०५ में यह भी कहा गया था की,सरकार एक साल के अंदर इन कानूनों में जरूरी संशोधन करे ताकि इन्हे २०१३ के कानून के बराबर ला सके।  मुद्दा सिर्फ मुआवजा और पुनर्वास के प्रावधान लाने का नहीं था।  इसलिए NDA सरकार का दावा गलत है की वह कुछ नया नहीं कर रहे है, सहमति और SIA को लेकर।

२. २०१५ के बिल में धारा १० बी के तहत जो नए पांच श्रेणी को जोड़ा गया है, उनकी परिभाषा काफी विस्तृत है और सभी तरह के प्रोजेक्ट्स उसमे शामिल होंगे।  वित्त मंत्रालय के नोटिफिकेशन १३/६/२००९- INF २७ मार्च २०१२ में जो इंफ्रास्ट्रक्चर की परिभाषा दी गयी है वह बहुत ही बृहद है और इसमें शामिल है।  कारण बस अगर २०१५ बिल पास होता है तो किसानों से जबरन भूमि अधिग्रहण बढ़ेगा और पूरे देश में वापस सरकार के साथ टकराव बढ़ेगा।  यहाँ यह भी कहने की जरूरत है की NDA सरकार निजी कंपनियों को ही फायदा पहुंचाने का काम कर रही है और कुछ नहीं।  किसानों के पक्ष में एक भी प्रावधान हैं।

३. अरुण जेटली जी ने पाकिस्तान का हवाला देते हुए कहा की किसानों की सहमति पूछने से राष्ट्रहित को खतरा है, यह राष्ट्र हित  कैसा है, जो धरती माँ के बेटे को और जो पूरे देश को खिलाने के लिए अन्न पैदा करते हैं उनकी सहमति से राष्ट्रहित को खतरा पहुँचता है।  आज रक्षा के क्षेत्र में सरकार विदेशी  निवेश आमंत्रित कर रही है लेकिन किसानों को देश द्रोही बता रही है।

४. सरकार सिंचाई की परियोजनाओं का हवाला दे रही है, पर मालूम हो की गुजरात सरकार ने पिछले पंद्रह साल में आज तक ज़मीन मुहैया होते हुए भी २४% नहरें बनाएँ है, जिसके कारण से सरदार सरोवर बाँध के पानी का लाभ किसानों को नहीं मिल रहा है।  और तो और पिछले दो सालों में ४ लाख हेक्टेयर खेती की ज़मीन को कमांड एरिया से बाहर कर औद्योगिक क्षेत्र घोषित कर दिया। भाजपा की सरकार अपने बचाव का रास्ता देख रही है और गरीबों को ढाल बना रही है।

५. यह भी एक भ्रान्ति MIDसे फैलाई जा रही है की, २०१३ के कानून से देश में विकास की  हुई है।  आज सभी सरकारों केंद्र और राज्य दोनों, के पास अकूत मात्रा में लैंड बैंक में ज़मीन पड़ी है।  मौजूदा जानकारी के आधार पर महाराष्ट्र में सिर्फ MIDC की १ लाख हेक्टेयर ज़मीन का आवंटन नहीं हुआ है, एक लाख आवंटित भूमि में भी आधे खाली पड़े हैं।  आंध्रा प्रदेश में ५० हज़ार एकर ज़मीन का आवंटन आज भी नहीं हुआ है, उत्तर प्रदेश में लगभग १७००० एकर, गुजरात में ५४ हज़ार एकर ज़मीन खाली पड़ी है।  इन सभी ज़मीनों का अधिग्रहण विकास के नाम पर औने पौने भाव में जबरदस्ती किया गया था।  २०१३ का कानून इस बात को रोकने के लिए था, खाली पड़ी हुई ज़मीन किसानों को वापस मिल सके और वो देश की खाद्य सुरक्षा निश्चित कर सके।   

Medha Patkar – Narmada Bachao Andolan and the National Alliance of People’s Movements (NAPM); Prafulla Samantara – Lok Shakti Abhiyan &Lingraj Azad – Samajwadi Jan Parishad – Niyamgiri Suraksha Samiti, NAPM, Odisha; Dr. Sunilam, Aradhna Bhargava – Kisan Sangharsh Samiti &Meera – Narmada Bachao Andolan, NAPM, MP; Suniti SR, Suhas Kolhekar, Prasad Bagwe – NAPM, Maharashtra; Gabriele Dietrich, Geetha Ramakrishnan – Unorganised Sector Workers Federation, NAPM, TN; C R Neelkandan – NAPM Kerala; P Chennaiah & Ramakrishnan Raju – NAPM Andhra Pradesh, Arundhati Dhuru, Richa Singh – NAPM, UP; Sister Celia – Domestic Workers Union & Rukmini V P, Garment Labour Union, NAPM, Karnataka; Vimal Bhai – Matu Jan sangathan & Jabar Singh, NAPM, Uttarakhand; Anand Mazgaonkar, Krishnakant – Paryavaran Suraksh Samiti, NAPM Gujarat; Kamayani Swami, Ashish Ranjan – Jan Jagran Shakti Sangathan & Mahendra Yadav – Kosi Navnirman Manch, NAPM Bihar; Faisal Khan, Khudai Khidmatgar, NAPM Haryana; Kailash Meena, NAPM Rajasthan; Amitava Mitra & Sujato Bhadra, NAPM West Bengal; B S Rawat – Jan Sangharsh Vahini & Rajendra Ravi, Madhuresh Kumar and Kanika Sharma – NAPM, Delhi

 For details contact : Madhuresh Kumar 9818905316 | email : napmindia@gmail.com